Our dental health is important for our overall health, but for a person with Alzheimer’s disease or other type of dementia, dental care can be a challenge. As a person’s cognitive ability declines, they may forget important care routines such as brushing and flossing which could lead to cavities, gum disease, infections or possible pain.
It’s important for caregivers to recognize the signs of poor oral health. Here is what caregivers need to know when caring for their loved one:
- People with Alzheimer’s may develop preferences for softer, often sugary foods – this can increase the risk of tooth decay.
- Some medications used to manage Alzheimer’s symptoms can cause dry mouth and reduce saliva production – a lack of saliva can lead to tooth decay and gum problems.
- Increased gum disease such as bleeding and periodontitis can be a problem.
- Individuals may forget to visit the dentist or be unable to communicate dental pain, leading to untreated dental issues.
- Behavior changes such as increased anxiety or aggression can make dental visits more challenging, resulting in avoidance of necessary dental care.
In the early stage of Alzheimer’s, regular dental check-ups, cleaning, and flossing can help prevent more extensive procedures in the future. In the middle and late stages, a person with Alzheimer’s may forget how to use toothpaste or rinse and may resist help from others. Individuals may also forget to chew their food before swallowing which can create a choking hazard. Their food should be cut in very small pieces. As the disease progresses, caregivers may need to take a more active role in their loved ones’ dental care. This may include providing gentle reminders, demonstrating or mirroring the step-by-step process of brushing and, eventually, brushing the person’s teeth or dentures while offering reassurance and support.
A dentist can advise on the best way to help someone with Alzheimer’s maintain a healthy mouth, but it can be difficult to find a dentist that specializes in Alzheimer’s disease or other types of dementia.
Here are some questions to Ask When Finding a Dementia-Friendly Dentist
- Does the dentist have experience treating patients who have Alzheimer’s disease or other types of dementia?
- Does the dentist specialize in geriatric dentistry or have other specialized training?
- Is the dentist familiar with the latest research on Alzheimer’s disease and oral health, including medicines that cause dry mouth?
- Are family members or caregivers welcome during the visit?
- How does the office and the staff accommodate individuals with special needs? Do they recognize that the person with dementia may be confused and uncomfortable around unfamiliar people and surroundings?
- How does the practice handle behavior changes such as agitation during appointments?
- How will the dentist communicate with your loved one if there are verbal communication challenges?
- Does the dentist offer home visits?
At Alzheimer’s New Jersey, we know how difficult it can be getting a loved one to the dentist or to the doctor. This is why we compiled a list of physicians and dentists who travel to the home. Call the Helpline for more information.
